Cofactors in male-female sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
FA Plummer, JN Simonsen… - Journal of infectious …, 1991 - academic.oup.com
FA Plummer, JN Simonsen, DW Cameron, JO Ndinya-Achola, JK Kreiss, MN Gakinya…
Journal of infectious diseases, 1991•academic.oup.comIn a study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-uninfected African prostitutes, 83
(67%) of 124 sero converted to HIV-1. Oral contraceptive use (odds ratio [OR], 3.1; 95%
confidence interval (CI], 1.1–8.6; P<. 03), genital ulcers (mean annual episodes, 1.32±0.55
in seroconverting women vs. 0.48±0.21 in seronegative women; P<. 02) and Chlamydia
trachomatis infections (OR, 3.6; CI, 1.3–11.0; P<. 02) were associated with increased risk of
HIV-1 infection. Condom use reduced the risk of HIV-1 infection (OR, 0.11; CI, 0.05–0.27; P< …
(67%) of 124 sero converted to HIV-1. Oral contraceptive use (odds ratio [OR], 3.1; 95%
confidence interval (CI], 1.1–8.6; P<. 03), genital ulcers (mean annual episodes, 1.32±0.55
in seroconverting women vs. 0.48±0.21 in seronegative women; P<. 02) and Chlamydia
trachomatis infections (OR, 3.6; CI, 1.3–11.0; P<. 02) were associated with increased risk of
HIV-1 infection. Condom use reduced the risk of HIV-1 infection (OR, 0.11; CI, 0.05–0.27; P< …
Abstract
In a study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-uninfected African prostitutes, 83 (67%) of 124 sero converted to HIV-1. Oral contraceptive use (odds ratio [OR], 3.1; 95% confidence interval (CI], 1.1–8.6;P < .03), genital ulcers (mean annual episodes, 1.32 ± 0.55 in seroconverting women vs. 0.48 ± 0.21 in seronegative women; P < .02) and Chlamydia trachomatis infections (OR, 3.6;CI, 1.3–11.0; P < .02)were associated with increased risk of HIV-1 infection. Condom use reduced the risk of HIV-1 infection (OR, 0.11; CI, 0.05–0.27; P < .0001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis confirmed independent associations between HIV-l infection and oral contraceptive use, condom use, genital ulcers, and C. trachomatis. The presence of other sexually transmitted diseases may in part explain the heterosexual HIV-1 epidemic in Africa and may represent important targets for intervention to control HIV-1 infection.
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