The gut microbiota is a complex system, consisting of a dynamic population of
microorganisms, involved in the regulation of the host's homeostasis. A vast number of
factors are driving the gut microbiota composition including diet, antibiotics, environment,
and lifestyle. However, in the past decade, a growing number of studies also focused on the
role of sex in relationship to changes in the gut microbiota composition in animal
experiments as well as in human beings. Despite the progress in investigation techniques …